Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition affecting millions worldwide. With appropriate care and treatment,Majority individuals can lead fulfilling lives free of seizures. Let’s address some common questions about epilepsy and how it can be managed effectively.
What Is Epilepsy and How Does It Affect People?
Epilepsy is a noncommunicable brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures. Seizures are caused by unusual electrical activity in the brain, causing involuntary movements, loss of awareness, or other symptoms. While epilepsy affects people of all ages, nearly 50 million people globally live with the condition, making it one of the most common neurological disorders.
Seizures can vary from short moments of lost focus to intense convulsions. A person is typically diagnosed with epilepsy after experiencing two or more unprovoked seizures. Despite being one of the oldest recorded medical conditions, stigma and misinformation about epilepsy persist, impacting the quality of life for many.
What Are the Causes of Epilepsy?
Epilepsy can have multiple causes, but in approximately 50% of cases, the exact cause is unknown.Common causes include:
- Brain injury from trauma, stroke, or oxygen deprivation during birth.
- Infections like meningitis or neurocysticercosis.
- Genetic conditions or congenital abnormalities.
- Brain tumors or metabolic disorders.
Epilepsy is not contagious and usually stems from a mix of genetic predispositions and environmental factors.
How Can Epilepsy Be Treated?
Treatment for epilepsy primarily involves the use of antiseizure medications, which can control seizures in up to 70% of individuals. For those who respond poorly to medication, surgical options may be considered. Early diagnosis and treatment at the primary healthcare level can be effective even in resource-limited settings.
However, the “treatment gap” remains a challenge, especially in low- and middle-income countries where up to three-quarters of people with epilepsy do not receive the care they need due to limited access to medicines and healthcare facilities.
Can Epilepsy Be Prevented?
While not all cases are preventable, some epilepsy causes can be avoided through:
- Preventing head injuries with safety measures.
- Ensuring proper prenatal care to reduce birth-related injuries.
- Controlling cardiovascular risks to prevent stroke-related epilepsy.
- Addressing infections through hygiene, vaccination, and parasite elimination.
Taking these steps can significantly reduce new cases, especially in regions where risk factors are more prevalent.
How Does Epilepsy Impact Social and Economic Life?
Epilepsy can lead to social stigma, discrimination, and barriers in education, employment, and access to services. Misconceptions about the condition often result in isolation for those affected and their families. Raising awareness and advocating for human rights can combat these challenges.
The financial burden of epilepsy, from treatment costs to lost productivity, is significant. Public healthcare support can alleviate this strain and improve access to care.
Expert Care for Epilepsy Management
If you or a loved one is living with epilepsy, expert care is crucial for a better quality of life. At Dr. Pravallika Dutta’s Clinic, we offer compassionate, evidence-based treatment tailored to your needs. Take the first step toward a seizure-free life—schedule your consultation today.
